Introduction: The Journal clubs are used as a standard teaching tool for the post graduates. However, the success of this method is related to how they are run and abilities of the organizers. The aim of this study was to compare the journal clubs of Kashan University of Medical Sciences with standards.
Materials and Methods: During a descriptive cross-sectional study, 117 (42 lecturers and 75 residents) of different specialties of Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KAUMS) were asked about journal clubs in their groups. The tool was a two-part questionnaire : first was included the demographic data of participants, and the second part 34 questions in 5-point Likert scale measuring triple fields of journal club, Preparation, Scheduling, and performance compared to standards. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 16 software. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: In total, the journal clubs are run favorably in clinical wards of KAUMS, based on lecturers and resident viewpoints. Regarding three domains of journal club holding, all participants believed that journal clubs were held regularly and there is no problem in scheduling, but the main problem were seen in performance. In this domain, the most important challenge was absence of methodologist in journal sessions to help for selecting articles and answering possible questions during discussions. No significant difference was found regarding lecturers and residents beliefs about journal clubs (P= 0.22).
 Conclusion: Despite the favorable running of journal clubs in accordance to standards in the university, appropriate intervention should be performed to reach ideal condition.

Introduction: Continuous appraisals and required interventions based on results of these appraisals have had undeniable effect in improving education process. 
Materials and Methods: The present study was done with qualitative method and by using content analysis technique in 2014. Settings and Design: Gathering data was done by using semi–structured interview. Statistical analysis used: Analyzing data was done in parallel with doing interviews. At first, content of any one of interviews was studied several times that general understanding was obtained from text and coded. Then, a content was given to main concepts in these sentences that with comparison of contents with each other. 
Results: 63% of participants were member of scientific board of universities and 100% had PhD studies. Contents getting from coding were placed in 3 main categories and 16 subcategories. Main categories included facilitators, challenges and process of running festival. 
Conclusion: The finding demonstrated that promoting quality of medical education can be obtained in level of medical sciences universities by dissolving structural problems of running Shahid Motahhari educational festival and dissolving challenges like not suitably informing, clarifying unclear fate of superior processes and making educational activities outstanding and effectively releasing knowledge - researching processes and activities and health system can be helped in effective education of human force. 

Introduction: Increased levels of anxiety are lead to the lower performance of students in the exam situation. On the other hand, the self-efficacy is directly related to the academic performance of the students. 
Materials and Methods: in this cross-sectional study, 233 paramedical students of Qom University that had been randomly selected were participated in this study. The demographic information’s sheet, test anxiety inventory and the self-efficacy scale were used as data collection tools. Logistic regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for data analysis.
Results: The score of test anxiety of %43.4 of the students was more than the mean of anxiety score. In the univariate logistic regression analysis, the increasing of self-efficacy score was associated with the decreasing of the of test anxiety. (OR: 0.79, %95  CI: 0.73-0.86) And also, the chance of test anxiety among the female students was more than males. (OR: 1.74, %95  CI:1.01-2.99) The age, marital status and the number of elapsed terms wasn’t significantly associated with the test anxiety. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only self-efficacy predicts the test anxiety. (OR: 0.80, %95 CI: 0.73-0.87).
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the students with higher self-efficacy experience lower test anxiety. Therefore, the strengthening of this individual feature in students can lead to the better performance of students in the exam situation by decreasing of test anxiety. According to the existed difference between the sexes, the girls have more need to the self-efficacy promotion programs.

Introduction: Currently, the students’ perspectives about different aspects of education in educational institutions are being analyzed worldwide. So, determining their perception and expectations of the quality of educational services can provide the educational planners with valuable information for promotion of educational services. This study was carried out to identify the educational needs of the master students and graduates of rehabilitation management. 
Materials and Methods:This qualitative content analysis was conducted on 18 students and graduates of rehabilitation management using a semi-structured interview. The obtained data were analyzed through content analysis.  
Results: After verbatim transcription of the interviews and encoding the data, the related codes derived from the students’ viewpoints were classified into six categories, including concordance of units, entry qualifications and job status, trainer’s competence, efficient trainee, revision of teaching methods and quality assurance.  
Conclusions: The results indicated that participants believed compatibility of courses in terms of content, syllabus and coefficient of units, and inadequacy of management units were due to changes in curriculum. Further, the participants contended teachers play a pivotal role in learning. The students and graduates were dissatisfied with poor quality of education and considered the necessity of interview and a two-phase admission policy. To this end, it is necessary to revise the student’s admission process and curriculum of rehabilitation management program.  

Introduction: Outcome based educational curriculum determine our expectations in graduates with near association to assessment. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the learning of must know procedures in medical graduates.
Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 102 medical school graduates' opinions were sought regarding 42 must know learning outcomes documented by Iranian medical curriculum designers by a questionnaire. The study followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Medical Ethics Review Board of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. 
Results: Graduates declared “teaching” in 79.8%, “practical doing” in 64.2%, “being able to do” in 76% with self-score of 11.5 out of 20. In some of the procedures, “Teaching”, “practical doing”, “being able to do” and “self-score” were reported to be low. Medical school graduates within the last 2 years were significantly weaker than graduates within 2-4 years. Female graduates revealed significantly higher sense of “being able to do” and “self-score”.
Conclusion: Educational methods and assessments are not in consistence with the expected curriculum outcomes. In 4 procedures there is a strong need to re-evaluation. A lot of learning is in post-graduate period. Therefore, re-assessment of must know procedures, learning methods and evaluation methods might be considered.

Introduction: Communication skills have been recognized as an integral part of nursing services. Promoting the communication skills of nursing students is an important objective of nursing education, and the perspective of the faculty members, one of the most reliable groups involved in nursing education, is of great significance. The current study was carried out to perform a need to teaching communication skills of nursing students from the perspective of the faculty members of Guilan University of Medical Sciences.   
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, all faculty members of nursing faculty (N=45) at Guilan University of Medical Sciences were included in the study by census sampling in summer, 2015. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire including three sections: sociodemographic characteristics, faculty members’ views about communication skills and open-ended questions. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test, Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA).      
Results: The highest number of faculty members (%66.7) reported a high need for teaching communication skills to the nursing students. The mean score of female faculty members was a little higher than that of the male counterparts, but the difference was not statistically significant. The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant relationship between the viewpoint of the faculty members on the need for teaching communication skills and age (P<0.05) and teaching experience (P<0.01). The analysis of open-ended questions by frequency distribution highlighted teaching communication skills as a one-unit course to students before apprenticeship as well as simultaneous theoretical and practical teaching of these skills in clinical settings. 
Conclusions: Based on the positive view of the faculty members about the need for teaching communication skills to nursing students, it seems helpful to provide a favorable ground to revise the curriculum to promote the students’ communication skills.  

Introduction: To evaluate students' professional performance, it is important to choose a suitable evaluation system such Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX). This study was conducted to determine and compare the impact of Mini-CEX and conventional methods on anesthesiology students' clinical skills.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 34 anesthesiology interns at School of Paramedicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences were selected by census method in 2015. According to the opinions of the faculty members of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, three procedures (patient reception and transfer to the surgery room, report writing, and patient education in recovery) were selected from among the main nursing procedures. The students were divided into two experimental and control groups by simple random sampling method. After training and measuring inter-rater reliability, assessment was done by Mini-CEX method using a researcher-made checklist in six rounds during the course in experimental group and by conventional method in control group. The results were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (paired t-test and independent t-test).
Results: The mean final scores of assessment in experimental group (Mini-CEX) were significantly higher than those of control group. The results of paired t-test showed the mean scores 6.36 ± 67.23 in the patient reception and transfer                         (P = 0.001), 5.28 ± 37.70 in the patient education (P=0.001) and 4.46 ± 48.82 in the report writing (P=0.001) procedure, indicating a statistically significant difference. In addition, the mean score of students' satisfaction with Mini-CEX method (15.50 ± 62.94) was significantly higher than that of conventional method (14.02 ± 54.82) (P = 0.019).
Conclusion: Students' clinical skills were improved using Mini-CEX method. It is recommended that the medical faculties use new assessment methods to evaluate clinical procedures and promote students’ learning.

Introduction: Educational needs assessment of nurses in patient education domain is a logical and principled educational strategy to promote their capabilities in order to maintain their knowledge, skills and attitude in providing quality healthcare services to patients. This study was aimed to evaluate the nurses’ perspectives on educational needs in patient education at Imam Hosein hospital, affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, in 2016.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 215 who were nurses working at Imam Hosein hospital were selected as participants of the study. Data were collected by two researcher-made questionnaires. The content validity of the questionnaires was measured by ten experts. Based on Lawshe’s table, the CVI for all items was also greater than 0.8. The reliability and internal consistency were confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha (0.945 and 0.967) and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (0.974 and 0.987). Data were analyzed by SPSS (Version 21) software.
Results: The first fourteen priorities of educational needs included familiarity with “advanced organizers” model, familiarity with “retention” model, familiarity with “checklist construction” (skill checklist) for the patient and family, familiarity with “mastery learning” model, familiarity with different assessments (diagnostic, formative, achievement), familiarity with constructing written exams for the patient and family, familiarity with constructing oral exams for the patient and family, knowledge of various types of assessment for the patient and family and using the results of assessment, knowledge of different levels of objectives in attitude domain, knowledge of different levels of objectives in psychomotor domain, knowledge of designing a ten-minute training lecture for the patient and family, knowledge of making appropriate relationship with a non-native patient and knowledge of different levels of objectives in cognitive domain.
Conclusion: The results showed that the knowledge and performance of nurses in patient education are facing challenges, so promoting the knowledge, attitude and performance of the treatment personnel in patient education can direct us to promote education in this domain.