Introduction: Public health promotion, as a worthy goal, is not possible without the cooperation of all health authorities and stakeholders.  Midwifery profession is concentrated on the health status of the girls and women.The major focus of midwives would be to control and monitor the health of women, pregnant mothers and young girls. Available evidence indicates that the role of the midwifery profession has been diminished in the recent years. This study was conducted to explain the challenges of midwifery profession from the perspective of the Iranian midwifery society in order to identify the problems bedeviling this profession and to help promote it.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using content analysis method. Data were collected and recorded based on the experiences of participants in the study by individual and semi-structured interview.
Results:  A total of 14 participants were interviewed. The meaning units of the interviews were derived and classified into 7 categories and three main themes from the perspective of the participants. The first theme was "midwifery education system failure". The second theme was titled "inappropriate work market" and finally the third one was titled "inappropriate dignity of the field".
Conclusion: The findings showed that there are some challenges in this field and recognition of these challenges is vital for its promotion. The healthcare authorities are required to pay close attention to these problems to resolve them; otherwise, a large group of talented graduates would not be able to realize their goals of providing public health services to the target groups.